The elephant, like no other animal, has dominated the cultural and religious landscape of India for more than three millennia. Valued for their strength, intelligence and nobility they have been carved onto the wall of our greatest temples and eulogized in epic, religious and secular literature. In fact one can state with authority that the history of Indian civilization and that of elephants are intricately intertwined together — however that is beyond the scope of the present article and best left to another discussion. Both the free roaming population and the captive elephants of India have experienced elaborate forms of

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