Kapila to Kabini: Journey of a Sacred River

Published on: 03/12/2025

Photo title: The Kabini River

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Photo Credits: Alok Ranjan

Every great river has a story, and Karnataka’s much loved Kabini, also known as the Kapila, has one that flows as gracefully as its waters. As I stood on the banks of this wide and calm river, with the sun dipping low and lean white egrets scrutinising the banks silently, I could feel the layers of history, myth, and life coming together in each wave. Kabini is not just a river - it is a living legend, a mother, and today, the Eden of the Deccan. An aerial view of the river teases another fascinating story! It looks like a dragon lying flat on its back with large scales, a lashing tail and fangs on the ready!

The sacred river begins its journey in the dense forests of Wayanad in Kerala, where the Kapila first springs to life. According to myth, she was born out of the blessings of the great sage Kapil Muni. Local lore says the sage’s deep meditation and spiritual energy summoned forth a stream, which grew into a river that adopted his name and became Kapila. Flowing with the purity of his penance, the river carried his name, and over millennia, with the natural meandering of language and dialect, Kapila became Kabini.

As we sailed down the river along the border of the Nagarhole National Park, I found myself lost in a reverie. Besides the mugger crocs and herons and otters, the river seemed to harbour ruins and relics left behind by the forgotten rulers of the region. People today use generous areas along the bank to fish, bathe and swim. As our boat slowly turned a bend I rubbed my eyes and did a double take to be sure of what had caught my attention! There, perched on the bank, were two motorcycles with beer bottles and plastic littering the ground. I thought to myself, does Kabini still hold that aura of divinity or is now just a source of leisure and livelihood?

For centuries, rulers and kingdoms that rose and fell around the Deccan plateau venerated Kabinias their mother. Ancient kings had performed rituals on her banks, that the lodges and naturalists venerate and maintain to this day. The offering of flowers, grains, and prayers is not only for rain and fertile harvests but also to seek permission and protection before anybody enters her forests. Small shrines and sacred tanks still dot the river’s edge, where communities gather even today during festivals to celebrate the Mother River.

Walking past some of these riverside settlements, I heard folk songs sung by elders, praising Kabini as a goddess who nurtures the soil, fills the granaries, and quenches thirst. It struck me how this reverence was not ornamental but deeply practical—after all, life here has always depended on her grace.

Photo title: Wildlife on the banks of the Kabini

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Photo Credits: Preanka Roy

The river’s story took a dramatic turn in 1974, when the Kabini Dam was built near Beechanahalli. I drove across its impressive stretch, watching the vast expanse of blue water shimmering under the sun. What was once a free-flowing river has now spread out into a giant reservoir. The dam was built for irrigation, drinking water, and hydropower, all rude signs of a rapidly modernised India.

Yet this engineering marvel also reshaped the land and its people. Forests and villages were submerged and communities were relocated - all to make space for a new world. The backwaters created by the dam turned into one of the most stunning water landscapes I have ever seen.

It is impossible to miss the largest congregation of Asiatic elephants on the banks of Kabini! What a scene! Such tender nuances and playful nudges, families meeting families. The gentle giants always find their way back to her. But Kabini is not just about elephants. It is a land of stealthy tigers slipping into the grasslands, leopards lounging on treetops and wild dogs coursing through the undergrowth. Not to forget the langur chasing squirrels while herds of chital watch them. Lush banks for acres along the river, dotted with cormorants and fishing eagles and vultures and even the occasional osprey, make it seem like the Eden of Deccan.

The backwaters lie on the edge of the famed Nagarhole and Bandipur forests, forming a wildlife haven that is the stuff of dreams for nature lovers. Evenings by the Kabini are magical. As the orange glow of sunset softens into twilight, the still waters reflect the forests like a mirror, and the chorus of cicadas rises. Villagers return with their catch, tribal communities share fireside stories, and safari jeeps hum back from the forest trails. Life here flows in harmony with the rhythm of the river.

Standing on the banks, watching the bullock carts come home, I mused about how Kabini is both ancient and modern, mythical and real. Born from the meditation of a sage, worshipped by kings, reshaped by dams, and now celebrated as one of India’s premier wildlife destinations - the river has lived many lives. Yet through all these layers, she remains what she always was: a giver of life, a mother, and a reminder of the timeless bond between people, nature, and water.

For travelers like me, Kabini is not just a pin on the map; it is an experience of a lifetime. She is proof that rivers are not merely geography but living beings, carrying stories, myths, and futures in their flow. To visit her banks is to step into a sacred continuity, where history, ecology, and wonder merge into one endless stream.

Preanka Roy

Preanka Roy is an adventurist by chance and a creative director by choice. With years of experience in Advertising, Marketing and Journalism behind her, Preanka has served at prominent organisations across India. An avid reader, author and published poet she enjoys different approaches to creative writing. Her deep love for the forests of South India has inspired her to take on environmental activism and forward the cause of wildlife conservation through photography.

Coorg

Hampi

Kabini

Kalahari

Kapila to Kabini: Journey of a Sacred River

Preanka Roy